Great reply eeeboy!
The only thing I would add is that you can sometimes look at the hexadecimal
MAC address of the conflicting node to determine what kind of device it is.
Find the first three bytes of the MAC address and look it up in the
IEEE OUI and Company_id Assignments Database. It will tell you who manufactured the offending device, which can help you track it down.
IP address conflicts usually occur when people mix manual IP addressing and DHCP and when people forget about oddball IP devices such as network printers.